CORRELATION BETWEEN ENDOMETRIAL THICKNESS AND PLASMA PROGESTERONE LEVELS IN WOMEN WITH INFERTILITY: AN ULTRASOUND-BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Background: Endometrial thickness and plasma progesterone levels are key indicators of endometrial receptivity and ovulation. In infertile women, insufficient endometrial development or low progesterone may impair implantation. Ultrasound assessment of endometrial thickness, combined with serum progesterone measurement, helps evaluate luteal phase adequacy and fertility potential. Understanding their correlation can aid in diagnosing and managing infertility. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted with 40 women aged 20–40 years presenting with primary infertility. Transvaginal ultrasound was used to assess endometrial thickness, while plasma progesterone was measured via blood samples. Correlation between the two parameters was assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The mean endometrial thickness was 6.28 mm and the mean plasma progesterone level was 5.60 ng/mL. A strong positive correlation was observed between endometrial thickness and plasma progesterone level (r = 0.848, p < 0.001). Common values observed were 5.30 mm and 5.40 mm for endometrial thickness, and 4.00 ng/mLfor progesterone. Conclusion: A significant positive correlation exists between endometrial thickness and plasma progesterone levels, highlighting the importance of evaluating both for optimizing fertility treatment outcomes.